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Jesús Malverde
Jesús Malverde, possibly born as Jesús Juarez Mazo (1870–1909) (), sometimes known as the "generous bandit", "angel of the poor",〔Park, Jungwon; (Sujeto Popular entre el Bien y el Mal: Imágenes Dialécticas de “Jesús Malverde” ). University of Pittsburgh〕 or the "narco-saint", is a folklore hero in the Mexican state of Sinaloa. He is a "Robin Hood figure" who was supposed to have stolen from the rich to give to the poor.〔Patricia L. Price, ''Dry Place: Landscapes of Belonging and Exclusion'', pp.153-157.〕
He is celebrated as a folk saint by some in Mexico and the United States, particularly among those involved in drug trafficking.〔Penhaul, Karl. "( Gang triggerman honored with'Scarface' hat )." ''CNN''. April 16, 2009. Retrieved on April 16, 2009.〕 He is not recognized as a saint by the Catholic Church.
==History==
The existence of Malverde a.k.a. 'El Rey de Sinaloa' is not historically verified.〔(grupo reforma )〕 According to Patricia L. Price, he is said to have been born Jesús Juarez Mazo, growing up under the rule of Mexican dictator Porfirio Diaz, whose local supporter Francisco Cañedo ran Sinaloa. He is supposed to have become a bandit after the death of his parents, which he attributed to their poverty. His nickname Malverde (bad-green) was given by his wealthy victims, deriving from an association between green and misfortune.〔 According to the mythology of Malverde's life, Cañedo derisively offered Malverde a pardon if he could steal the governor's sword (or in some versions his daughter). The bandit succeeded, but this only pushed Cañedo into hunting him down. He is supposed to have died in Sinaloa on May 3, 1909. Accounts of his death vary. In some versions he was betrayed and killed by a friend. In some he was shot or hung by local police.〔 His body was supposed to have been denied proper burial, being left to rot in public as an example.
Writer Sam Quinones says that there is no evidence that the Malverde of the legend ever lived, and that the story probably emerged by mixing material from the lives of two documented Sinaloan bandits, Heraclio Bernal (1855-1888) and Felipe Bachomo (1883-1916).〔Quinones, Sam, ''True Tales from Another Mexico: The Lynch Mob, the Popsicle Kings, Chalino, and the Bronx'', UNM Press, 2001, p.227〕 Bernal was a thief from southern Sinaloa who later became an anti-government rebel. Cañedo offered a reward for his capture, and he was betrayed and killed by former colleagues. Bachomo was an indigenous Indian rebel from northern Sinaloa who was captured and executed.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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